aluminium expo | Application of aluminium alloy materials in chassis parts of new energy vehicles

Over 600 aluminum components are used in systems such as the body, chassis, powertrain, and transmission of automobiles. The usage of aluminum in vehicles is rapidly growing worldwide, particularly in North America and China. Aluminum is primarily used for body structure parts, wheel hubs, body panels, transmission systems, and cylinder heads. Higher-class vehicles (Class C and above) use significantly more aluminum than Class A and B cars. Internationally, aluminum castings constitute the largest share, over 60%, while the use of aluminum sheet is increasing yearly, especially in higher-class models. In China, the proportion of aluminum castings in automotive applications is higher than in Europe and America. In 2018, 3.8 million tons of aluminum were used in automobiles (2.9 million tons in castings). By 2030, this is expected to reach 9.1 million tons. The development of new energy vehicles is driving an increase in aluminum usage, notably increasing the proportion of sheet and extruded materials.

Aluminum usage in chassis components significantly enhances vehicle performance due to its lightweight properties. According to aluminium expo, aluminum utilization is higher abroad than in China, mainly used in high-end domestic brands and pure electric sedans, with a penetration rate of about 10%. Steering knuckles have the highest penetration rate in chassis components. The most challenging part is the subframe, with low yield rates and a need for improved dimensional accuracy and welding joint performance. Future trends in structural components focus on increased lightweight efficiency, design of lighter structures, development of higher-performance materials, and improved production efficiency and yield rates.